Loose leaf binder



June 2, 1931. 'J. 1.. M MILLAN LOOSE LEAF BINDER Original Filed Dec. 24, 1925 Patented June 2, 1931 JOHN L. MCMILLAN, oz 'sYRAoUsE, NW YORK, ASSIGNOR ro MQM'IIQLANBOQKJCQM' IP AZNY, OF-SER-ACUSE, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION YORK LOOSE LEAF. 13mm Application filed December 24; 192 5, Seria1 No. 77,564;' Itenewed December 7, 129 .v

My invention relates to what may for brevi-' ty be termed loose leaf binders ofthe linkand pi'ntle type, and it consists in a lock of novel form and construction", capable'of' in- 5 sertion into, and removal with the-aid of a key, from the housing of'the pintle slide when said slide is in holhingengagement with thepaper-carrylng links, to prevent or permit, as required", longitud nal movement of the slide for the purpose oflocking or free 7 any suitable form or type ofhinges, two c'ov ing the slide and the links: hel'd thereby.

The constructionis illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: 7

Figure 1 isawperspective view on a quite small scale oi abinder' embodying my invention;

Fig.2is afragment'ary elevation of ahousing, pintle slide, lea-f-carryii1g link, and lock of said binder,fmade on a quite; large scale, with-portionsbroken awayand some parts in section;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the;

same on, the line A-A, Fig. .2 passing through the lock, and looking inthedirection of thearrows associated with said line;

Fig. 4: is a similar section onithe line Bl-B-' ofFig. 2, looking by arrows thereon;

cei ving end of a housing, showing the lock? Withdrawn and at a shortdistance 'therefrom. V

Binders of the: class referred to areex tensive'ly used in' banks, accounting offices,

' andilike places, to form, with their appropriately-ruled leaves, loose leaf ledgers or record books. These books may be made up complete or built upby progressive additions of leaves or sheets on which are made appropriate entries, commonly by typewriting,

though they maybe made in any convenient way. Mlnute and record books'of corpora t1ons,;clubs, and variousorganizations, are

likewise: equipped with loose leaf binders of this general'character, and for like reasons. 1

veniently done, butfitishighly important" in the direction indicated F ig. 5 is a perspective view of'ihe lock-re-,

that, when the leavesarein place, the lea f holding devices shall be so securely; locked that it will be impossible to, insert, remove,

transpose,or otherwise disarrange the leaves, orta'mperwith the records in amanner to; avoid prompt detection. Y

With these objects in View the binder is composed of aback memberl, preferably of curved form in cross section, toj-oppositelongitudinal edges of which are attached by er-boardsQ- and 3, and at or close tothe-inner edge ofeach cover-boardthere isfirmly se through eyes '1 in the ends of leaf-receiving links 8, which bridge or span thefb'ack member and serve also to holdthe same against spreading or deformation." Thepintles serve not only to retain the links 8 in place, but also ashingepins about which-the links may be swung into and out of their normal baclr bridging position, to permit and facilitate application, "removal, transposition, or substitu' tion of'leaves and subsequent re -engagement bythe pihtles 6. 1 i 3 l 1 The preferred fornr and" construction of the housing is illustratedain,Figs. 2 to 5"in clusive. It is conveniently producedby'folding a flat sheetmetal blank along a uneap; I

proximately midway between its longitudinal edges and parallel therewith, in an easy curve, I

to produce a substantially cylindrical back9,

the freeedges of the blank being brought into alinement, and the portions of the blank between the rounded back '9 andisaid free edges being placed parallel with each other and spacedapart a distance suflicient to receive between them the inner edge portion of one ofthe cover-boards 2 or 3. To stifi'en the housingand prevent bending or buckling I thereoflto form a stop for the edge of the i cover board, and-to produce a guide for the edge of thepintle-slide 5, there is formedin one leafof the folded blank a rectangular or trough-likebend or corrugation- '10; par

allel with the longitudinal edgesofthe blank; l

and ofadepth to restupon theother-leaf bt eral extension 12 the two leaves of the, housing at the desired distance apart.

To afford adequate and suitable space for a lock 11 one end of the folded or cylindrical edge or back 9 of the housing is expanded as shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 5, thus producing a cylindrical casing 12 with a latto receive the lock. 11 and its radial extension 11*. Casing 12 is further provided with a hollow circumferential enlargement 12?, extending through approximately 90, and serving to receive and permit movement of a radial lug or stud 13'formed upon a disk 14:, which'is here shown as secured by screws 15 to the inner end of'a rotatable cylindrical barrel 16 of lock 11, but which be integral with said barrel. The length of lock 11, including the disk 14, is such that wheninserted into its casing 12 and pushed home, or to a position in which its outer end is'flushwith the end of the housing, the lock shall abut squarely against the proximate end of the pintle slide, as-in Fig. 2, the slide and its .pintles being at such time in link engagingposition or adjustment. The movement of the pintle slide in link-engaging direction is limited. by the shank or stem of a thumb-piece 17 preferably roughened, which stem passes through a slot 18, in 'therhousing, and is riveted or otherwise permanently attached' to' the slide. The movement is also I restricted by the links 8.

' rel 16, in which is formed a narrow longitudi-' nal keyway 20,-of form and sizeto admit a Any suitable lock capable of insertion into the casing 12, and of locking engagement with the housing, may be employed. In practice I find a lock of the general type of the wellknown Yale or Corbin locks, using'afiat key, said key having one longitudinal tedge provided with alternate elevations and depressions, peculiarly well adapted to the purpose, andthe lock 11 shown in the drawing is of this character. As here shown. thelockshell or caseconsists of a hollow cylinder of diameterto fit neatly and turn freely within 2 the casing 12 of housing 4 and the-radial e'x-.

tension 11*, said extension fitting and filling the seat in the lateral extension 12 -of the lock casing, and preventing the lock shell from 'rotating incasing 12. Filling the cylindrical bodyof the lock shell is the rotatable "bar,-

key 21.

Opening into the keyway 2O fromthe circumference of the barrel 16 on that side next the-case extension '11 with the parts in the p I positions they occupy when the key'is being inserted or withdrawn, are radial holes 22. so.

ofjdiameter. somewhat greater than the thicknessfof thekey, as seen'inFig. 3. Each of the holes '22 isoccupied bya tumbler 23, preferably ,of cylindrical form, the several tumblers being Qf-unequal lengths so that.

when the. key is inserted its full distance the theirouter ends shall be brought flush with i which are carefully alined with the holes 22 of barrel 16 when the barrel is in key-rece1v ing position, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

Each hole 24 receives first a helical spring 25 and then ashort rod or stem 26,'similar tothe tumblers 23.; The springs 25 are 'of such 7 length that they are put under compression when the rods 26 are inserted and pressed inward until their outerflends are flush with the inner face of the cylindrical body of the lock shell. As a consequence, the springs tend constantly to force the rods or stems 26 outward from the holes24, and

doso when the key is'withdrawn and the tumblers 23 are thus made free. In so moving outward, the rods'or stems 26 abutting against the tumblers 23, force them inward in theirholes or seats, crossing the meeting lineof the barrel 16 'and'lock shell 11, and

entering the open ends of the holes 22 of barrel 16. In this-way the barrel'is securely locked against rotation or movement in any direction relatively to the lock shell. 1 7 As stated, barrel 16 of the lock has at its inner end a disk or enlargement 14 which, as

shown in Figs. 2 and 5, bears against the inner endof the cylindrical lock shell,:and carries on itscircumference a radial lug or stud 13. This stud, when the-lock is seated in the housing, is in plane with the circum ferential enlargement 12? of'the lockcasing 12, but in 90 relation to the plane of the keyway 20, hence when the key is withdrawn closed end of the enlargement 12*, as seen in Fig. 4, q g H look from the housing. When, however,

the key is inserted and pressed home, thereby lug or stud 13 stands within and at the 7 thus precluding withdrawal of the moving the tumblers 23 outward and fore ing backthe rods or pins 26, thus releasing: V 7 barrel 16, the barrel can beturnedby-the key, and being so turned itwillcarry; stud 13 from the position shown in Fig. linto alinement with the extension 12 ofjlockicasing 12 and out of'enlargement'12 ,permit ting withdrawal of the lock from the housing. This done, the pintle slide ,can. be moved in link-releasing direct on,.releas1ng the links at one endland permitting insertion or removal of a leaf or leaves, or re-arrangement thereof, as desired, afteri which the links are returned to locking position, the

pintle'slide is moved/to pintle-engaging adjustment,'the lock is-inserted an the k i W hd a wher upo theinto casing 12, the keyis-turned, carrying with it barrel 16 r and moving lug 13 into enlargement 12,

ing, and when the lock is fully seated in lock springs 25 move pins 26 outward, forcingback the tumblers 23 and locking barrel 16 against movement. 7

The circumferential enlargement 12 is preferably closed or covered, and may be drawn up by dies before the blank is folded, the covering or closing of-said enlargement serving to prevent access to lug 13 in attempting to force the lock. Obviously, however, a simple opening in the easing into or through which the lug may extend, would serve to receive said lug and prevent withdrawal of the lock from the casing While I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it will of coursebe understood that such modi fications as fall within the province of the skilled mechanic or designer may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. 1

What is claimed is 1. In a loose leaf binder of the character described, a housing having a substantially cylindrical folded edge enlarged at one end to form a lock-receiving casing, the two walls of the housing inward from the folded edge being spaced a distance apart to form a guideway for a pintle slide and a lateral extension,

of the lock-receiving casing, said casing being further provided with acircumferential opening extending to and communicating with its lateral extension; a slide seated and longitudinally movable in said guideway and provided with pintles; leaf-carrying links having perforations to receive said pintles; and a lock having a shell of form and dimensions to enter and occupy the enlarged casing and the lateral extension thereof and provided with a rotatable barrel having a radial lug which, when in alinement with the lateral extension of the lock shell, can enter and pass through the lateral extension of the lock cassaid casing may, through rotation of the barrel, be carried into the circumferential opening of the casing.

2. In a loose leaf binder. of the character described, and in combination with a housing having a folded edge of cylindricalform enlarged at one end to constitute a lock-recelvlng casing, sald casing provided with a lateral extension and with a circumferential brought into alinement with the lateral ex-" tension of the lock shell to permit insertion of the look into its casing, and which may thereafter be carried into the circumferential opening of the casing through partial rotation of the barrel.

3. In a loose leaf binder of the character,

described, and in combination with a housing having a folded edge of'cylindri'cal form enlarged at; one end to constitute a1lock receiving;'casing,,. said casing provided with a lateral extension; and with a circumferential opening communicating, therewith; a" lock having rai cylindrical shell. provided with a lateral extension and adaptedto fit and fill the lock-receiving casing, said lock being providedwith a rotatable barrel having a radial projection which be broughtinto I said housing; and provided withipintleswto enter-the eyes of the-links; and: a lockinsertible into and'removabl'e from the end of the housing; abuttingagainst the end of the slide: when thelatter} is in li-n' ka-engaging ads justment, and provided with [means for re-- taining said lock itsyseiat in the housing when the-hey is withdrawn; fIiOIIl: thealock; V

In;-v a loose leaf binder of the linlz ande pintle type,, a housing provided with open ings for; the introduction'of the perforate ends of leafi ca'rrying links leaf-carrying linksextendingg threugh said openings; a

slideseated and longitudinally movable: said housing-and provided Wlth PiHtlGS-"tQ" enter the eyes of the links; and a lock hav ing a rotatablebarrel; adapted to be engaged and disengaged with; and: from the lock cas ing throughpartiat rotation ,;and providedigs v with-means forlocl'ring saiid'barrel against rotation when the-key is withdrawn from thelock; i 1

6;; In a looseleaf binder of the link pintle type, a slide housing having afo'lded edge of cylindrical form; enlargedatone end to produce a lock-receiving; casing and provided: with spaced openings inthe folded edge to receive one end of leaf-carrying links; 7 opening; a lock having a cylindrical shell links provided with eyes and extending into said openings; a slidemovable-longitudinally withinv said housing;

to enter the eyes of said links and a lock adapted to enter and fill the lock-receiving casing of the housing and preclude longitudinal movement of the slide, said lockcomprisinga lock shell provided with a radial wing movable in aguideway in 'th'e housing and serving to hold the lock shell against rotary movement, a rotatable barreli'n said shell,-

provided with pintles;

tumblers, and spring-pressed'pins, said pins 7 arranged in seats in the lock shell and serving when the key is'withdrawn to engage the barrel and prevent rotation thereof, said barrel being provided with a radiallug to enter a circumferential opening in the Wall of the lock-receiving casing when the barrel is turned to carry said lug out of alinement with the wing of the lock shell.

, 7 In a loose leaf binder of the link-andpintle type, a housing having a folded edge of cylindrical form enlarged at one end to constitute a lock-receiving casing and provided in its folde'd'edge with openingsto receive one end ofleaf-carrying links; links projecti'nginto said hou-sing'and perforated to receive pintles; a pintle-bearing slide mounted and longitudinally movable in the 7 housing; and a lock insertible into the lockreceiving casing of the housing and serving, when properly seated and secured therein,

to prevent longitudinal movement of the slide when the latter is inlink-engaging position.

8. In a device of the class described, a back member, a housing having an open end secured to the back member, a pintle-carrying slide slidably mounted in the housing, a removable member engaging the end of the slide to restrain thelatter from movement, and means on the member interlockingly engaged with the housing for locking said memher in position. r p

I 9. In'a device ofthe class described, a back ;member, a housing having an open end secured to the back member, a pintle-carrying slide slidably mounted in the housing, a re movable member closing the open end'of the housing and restraining the slide from move ment, and means carried by the member adapted to be moved into engagement with the housing for locking tion. I V 1 a V 10! In a'loose leaf binder, a housing having an open end and provided with openings for the introduction of'the'perforate ends of leaf carrying links, leaf carrying'links extending through said openings, a slide longitudinally movable in said housing and prosaid member in posividedwithpintles adapted to enter the perforate ends of the links, a member closing the Y open end ofthehousing to prevent movement of the slide to withdraw the pintles from the links and adapted to be removed from the housing to permit movementof the pintles I relative to the links, and meansforilocking said member in position. I I I c In testimony whereof I have signed my. name to this specification. I i

' JOHN L .'MoMILLAN. 

